![]() ![]() Glossier paints cost more but are usually easier to keep clean. Options include flat or matte, eggshell, satin, semi-gloss, and high gloss. Interior paints come in a variety of sheens, also called finishes. Oil-based paints are thicker, more durable, and have a more luxurious appearance, but they take longer to dry, age more quickly, and have a stronger odor.Įnamel paints are more challenging to apply, but they are incredibly durable and wash easily, making them ideal in some parts of the kitchen. Water-soluble paints-known as latex, acrylic, and polyvinyl paints-are low-odor, fast-drying, and easy to clean however, they often have a dull appearance and usually require more than one coat. Material requirements vary as every project is unique. Painting materials and supplies cost $50 to $100. One painter can cover 150 to 350 square feet of paintable area per hour. Labor typically makes up over 80% of the final cost.Ī small semi-skilled crew can do most house painting and repainting jobs. Most painting estimates include materials, labor, and the cost of the paint. Painting labor costs $20 to $50 per hour, depending on the painter's skill level and productivity. Subtract the square footage of windows and doors for a precise number. Multiply the two numbers to get the rough square footage of the painting surface. Measure the height of the house from the foundation to the roofline. Subtract the square footage of windows and doors to get a more exact figure. Multiply the result by the height of the room to get the rough square footage of the painting surface. Measure the width of all the walls in a room and add those numbers together. Measuring Paintable Areaįollow these steps to estimate total paintable area: Add that to your total.Īfter that, you can start adding on additional aspects (ceilings, cabinets, wall designs, and more) to your rough estimate to finalize your bid. A gallon of paint gives approximately one coat of coverage for every 360 square feet of wall. Factor in both interior and exterior paint at $40 per gallon. Add that to your total cost.ĭecide if you will need extra colors, which means the purchase of additional paint. Measure the square footage of damaged areas and multiply it by $3.50 for patching and sanding. Next, examine the condition of the surfaces to determine if they will require a simple one-coat paint job or something more extensive. Multiply the total square feet by an average cost of $2.00 for interior projects and $3.00 for exterior projects. When pricing a painting job, begin by measuring the wall space that you need to have painted. They also need to be well-versed in color harmony and paint composition to meet the homeowner’s expectations. Before selecting paints and finishes, painters need to consider the cost, durability, and job appropriateness. How To Estimate Painting JobsĮstimating a painting job involves many cost factors. Shops will often offer the service along with a discount on paints. The total cost depends on the size of the room.Ĭontact a decorator or your local paint shop when seeking a color consultation. Room painting typically includes baseboards, doors, trim, and ceilings. Painters charge $300 to $500 to paint a bathroom, $800 to $1,200 for a bedroom, and $1,000 to $3,000 to paint a living room or large open-plan basement. ![]() The average cost to paint a door is $75 to $150 for both sides of an interior door and $100 to $225 for an exterior or front door. The average cost to paint trim and baseboards is $1 to $4 per linear foot or $25 to $200 per room. Painting kitchen cabinets costs $3 to $10 per square foot or $50 to $100 per door. The cost to paint a fence is $2 to $14 per linear foot. Deck painting costs $2 to $5 per square foot. ![]()
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![]() She was amazing and the only truly good entity I have ever known. There was a white woman in the house, we believed her to be one of the 2 graves in the front. I lived there as a child in the late 80’s. Greater Williamsburg Chamber & Tourist Alliance And of course the plantation graveyard is full of activity as well. The curtains in a former nursery open on their own after being closed for the night and a fireplace mantle in one downstairs room has carvings on it from the wounded soldiers which gives people an uneasy feeling when they get too close. A woman, believed to be Dr Curtis’ wife Mariah, has also been seen crossing the road toward the house during the reenactments. Paranormal enthusiasts believe that the plantation house is haunted by General Magruder. Military reenactments also take place on the property, including those honouring the 225th anniversary of the Seige of Yorktown. Today, Endview Plantation is owned by the City of Newport News and is home to “The Civil War at Endview: A Living History Museum”. ![]() During the Peninsula Campaign of the Civil War, the plantation was used as a hospital, being owned at the time by Dr Humphrey Harwood Curtis, Jr, one of two doctors in the area. Though we don’t know what use it had during the War of 1812, there is evidence the home was put to military use again then. The abundance of fresh game and water attracted local Native American tribes (Powhatan Confederation) for 1,200 years prior to the settlement at Jamestown.ĭuring the Revolutionary War, Endview was a resting place for General Thomas Nelson, Jr‘s troops heading for Yorktown. The house sits atop a small knoll with a spring at the base and is surrounded by prime farm land. Built in the Georgian style of architecture, the house sits on what was once the Great Warwick Road (now Virginia State Route 238) which connected the colonial capital of Williamsburg to the town of Hampton. Hundreds of artifacts, including a tablecloth from the USS Monitor, are on display in the museum’s 1862 Peninsula Campaign Gallery.įor more information visit the Lee Hall Mansion website.After watching Larry the Cable Guy make a complete ass of himself on a recent episode of Only in America with Larry the Cable Guy titled ‘America After Dark’ by joining a paranormal investigation of a Virginia plantation, I decided to find and share the story behind the plantation visited.Įnter Endview Plantation, built in 1769, which began life as Harwood Plantation, built by William Harwood. One of the last remaining antebellum homes on the Virginia Peninsula, Lee Hall Mansion was used as a headquarters by Confederate generals Joseph E. “Taps” was composed at Berkeley when General McClellan headquartered 140,000 Union troops in 1862.įor more information, visit the Berkeley Plantation website.Ĭompleted in 1859, Lee Hall Mansion was home to affluent planter Richard Decauter Lee, his wife Martha, and their children. See the birthplace of Benjamin Harrison, signer of the Declaration of Independence, and President William Henry Harrison, “Old Tippecanoe”. On December 4, 1619, early settlers from England came ashore at Berkeley Plantation and observed the first official Thanksgiving in America. Artifacts from the site, as well as pictures and memorabilia of the Harwood family, are also on display.įor more information visit the Endview Plantation website.īerkeley is Virginia’s most historic plantation. An ongoing archaeological program and historic maps have identified the locations of several outbuildings, including a smokehouse, kitchen and barn. Built in 1769, Endview was home to members of the Harwood and Curtis families for over 200 years. The War of 1812 saw its use as a training ground, while the Civil War found Endview serving as a Confederate captain’s home and a hospital for both sides. The Revolutionary War brought 3,000 militia to its fresh water spring. The three wars fought on American soil have all left their traces at Endview Plantation. Today, Shirley continues to be a working plantation, a private family home, a growing business, a National Historic Landmark, and a direct link between the past and the present.įor more information visit the Shirley Plantation website. The chronicle of Shirley Plantation best exemplifies the period in our nation’s history between the settlement at Jamestown in 1607 and the movement towards American independence from Britain in 1776. ![]() Shirley Plantation is Virginia’s first plantation (1613) and one of the first economic engines of the New World. To this day, the 11th generation continues to own, operate, and work this grand southern plantation. Shirley tells the story of the Hill-Carter family, eyewitnesses to 11 generations of American history. ![]() Virginia’s Historic Triangle is known for its impressive, historic plantations.Ĭlick the links below to find out more about the best plantations around Williamsburg, VA. ![]() ![]() ![]() Look no further than the powerful rockers “Second Wind” and “Judas’ Kiss” for songs that defined a generation.īy the time Beat the System hit the speakers, fans knew that these guys had no interest in just another record, they embodied an attitude that said, "Let's break down barriers and do something relevant" by moving more towards a keyboard driven rock act. Volz, Bob Hartman and Louie Weaver, More Power to Ya was THAT defining album that broke down all the barriers of what an effective ministry focused rock band could be, embracing backward masking (If you know, you know). ![]() Nothing was further from the truth.Īs Petra soared to new heights with Greg X. Their albums More Power to Ya, Beat the System, and This Means War! rock like none other and were clear defining moments for a band that just a few albums earlier had everyone convinced that they would be a status-quo CCM act. Their impact was monstrous and their music was explosive. ![]() Although Stryper may have been large in the mainstream, no one came close to Petra in the Christian circuit selling 10 MILLION records and selling out large capacity arenas. Even Stryper fans would never enter into a debate on who the greatest Christian Rock Band of all time was. Smith, one thing is for certain, you knew who Petra was. It didn't matter if you were listening to Deliverance, Amy Grant, and Michael W. Now 20 albums later with 4 Grammys™ and 10 Dove Awards™, they are the World’s Most Popular Christian Rock Band. Petra got its start in 1972 as one of the pioneers of Christian Rock. You'll understand once the needle drops or the CDs starts that this was not only relevant for today but that the tempo and rhythm Bob Hartman – Guitar As a capstone to the Volz era of the band, and a snapshot of Bob Hartman’s ability to adapt to changing styles and trends in rock and pop, Beat The System stands out in Petra’s considerable catalog.īut you are about to hear this album in all it's glory. Catchy songwriting, and a prescient theme, however, has helped the album to age well. While the program heavy sound fit the lyrical theme of the album, and the trends at radio in 1985, some fans initially bristled at their favorite rock band’s digital direction. Beat The System is a synth-rock album from top to bottom. When Lawrence was working on Beat The System he was also working as a programmer for artists Michael Jackson and Van Halen, which gave the album a polished, mainstream sound. It is also one that, despite being thoroughly a product of its time, manages to sound surprisingly relevant today.ĭue to the departure of keyboardist John Slick, the preponderance of the album’s mountain of synthesizer tracks were actually performed by studio musician Carl Marsh or Rhett Lawrence, a young producer and musician who, in future years, would produce albums and write songs for artists like Mariah Carey, Kelly Clarkson, Black Eyed Peas, and Whitney Houston. Petra’s Grammy nominated 1985 album, Beat The System, is certainly one of Petra's most transitional works. ![]() ![]() She selects Rendax as her primary ka’tah, Dacatarai as her secondary ka’tah and Calistus as her tertiary ka’tah.
![]() Given that there's a prologue of sorts set in the realm of Dreamtime, where Zoe is a saviour of sorts to those poor souls who have become lost while interfacing with a Dream Machine, I was somewhat relieved when I found myself reading journal entries about holidays in the sun and everyday worries. The workings of fate and the overlap between Dreamfall's several worlds fade into the background - Zoe's tasks for the day involve buying lunch from a food stall, visiting her boyfriend and checking in at work, where she will test out the abilities of a confused machine not-so-affectionately known as Shitbot. From lingering at the fringes of bodily existence, she becomes vital again, with no memory of her grander purpose. Zoe is in a new place, attempting to kindle the sparks of an old relationship, and without any fanfare Dreamfall Chapters becomes a story about beginnings rather than endings. Something strange happens when the pace slows. The scale of what is happening, particularly in the opening scenes, is vast - world-ending, myth-shattering, fate-fiddling stuff - and it's only when the story settles into Zoe's new life in Europolis that we zoom in and get a read on the purely personal rather than the preternatural level. The game is attractive - although I sense the bite of the budget or the edges of the engine in the depiction of certain events, particularly a jailbreak in which rioting is kept conspicuously off-screen - and the script is strong.Īnyone going in cold, without knowledge of the previous games, might be slightly baffled, even though there is an attempt to ease into the story. Minor additions aside, I didn't play anything in Book One that I hadn't already seen. Europolis, the neon hub of marketing and militant police that you'll spend the majority of this first episode exploring, is more heavily populated and some scenes have been altered to improve the flow of the story, or to provide pointers where objectives weren't entirely clear. It's around five hours long and I've written about most of the content already, although there have been some additions and tweaks since the preview build I played. ![]() The Chapters are now divided into Books and yesterday saw the release of the first. The Longest Journey began a decade and a half ago and Dreamfall Chapters marks the end of that journey.īut not yet. Parting is such sweet sorrow and all that, but it's beneficial to have some closure. When you spend so long hoping for the continuation and conclusion of a story that was part of your earlier life, it's a bittersweet relief to hear that the waiting is finally over. ![]() ![]() ![]() We will recommend the best fit for your 2018-2020 Ford F150, including headlights, fog lights, and more! You can choose from a single replacement or opt to buy an entire pack of bulbs. The headlight assembly is one of the most common parts that are replaced, often because they get damaged or dried out with age. Since lighting systems can vary greatly because of different types of cars and aftermarket upgrades, it’s important to make sure that any replacement parts will fit before buying them. These days LED lights typically produce somewhere between 1-5 watts depending on their housing and size (just like other types). The brightness of these lights varies based on the power of the electrical system but typically goes from 40-60 watts for halogen bulbs and up to 200 watts for HIDs. This means that when the car is turned on, electricity flows through the filament and it becomes very hot this heats up the chamber and causes an illuminated light to be emitted. The Ford F150 headlight bulb has one or more filaments that are then put into a chamber. The third kind that may be found on older cars is the tungsten filament type which has now been mostly phased out in favor of brighter LED lights. The two major kinds are high-intensity discharge (HID) and light-emitting diode (LED). ![]() However, there are three main ways that these bulbs function. The most common types of headlights in use today are halogen lights. 【10 Minutes Easy Installation】- Almost 1:1 mini design same as halogen, perfectly fit into your housing and factory sockets without any modification, just plug and play.【Over 5,0000 Hours Lifespan】 - Whole aviation aluminum body, unique hollow-carved heat sink design, and 1,2000RPM turbo cool fan provide super cooling ability, which ensures a longer lifespan up to 5,0000 hours.Super focused beam pattern design provides a wider and farther lighting range which is 3 times brighter than your original halogen bulb. 【300% Brighter Than Halogen】- Top Automotive-Grade LED chips with 60W, 12,000LM per pair, 6500K cool white. ![]() If you find that the information is wrong or you need to add something, please feel free to contact us, we are grateful for any customer's opinion.ĭidn't find your vehicle? Use the bulb finder system to get the bulb size.AUXITO Upgraded 9005 HB3 LED Headlight Bulbs 6000K White, 100W 20000 Lumens 600% Brighter However, the information in the table is not 100% correct due to manufacturer-specific reasons. High Beam and Low Beam Headlight(w/ Sealed Beam Headlamps) High Beam and Low Beam Headlight(LH Symmetry)įor 2005-2010 Ford F-350 Series Light Bulb Size High Beam and Low Beam Headlight(Standard) High Beam and Low Beam Headlight(w/ Halogen Capsule Headlamps)įor 2011-2016 Ford F-350 Series Light Bulb Size Didn't find your vehicle? Use the bulb finder system to get the bulb size.įor 2021-2022 Ford F-350 Series Light Bulb Sizeįor 2017-2020 Ford F-350 Series Light Bulb Size ![]() ![]() Some of the cash is invested in your truck solutions and refueling. Where you can make money to start your own firm, the money you got from the race can be used to fix your trucks or purchase a new one. It is also possible to download Castlevania Anniversary Collection.įrom time to time, you’re encouraged to circuit racing along with other trucks. You need to experience different weather conditions, and also, you need to be proficient enough to keep your automobile on the street during all conditions. However, you need also remember the source of the merchandise that’s the most important aim. In this game, you may race with another truck driver. The audio track of the King of the Road match was produced by a Russian heavy metal group named Aria. In this game, you can test your driving abilities in various European cities. Hard Truck II King of the Road is a truck simulation and racing sport that’s the European version of Hard Truck 2 and has premiered by JoWooD Entertainment. We have provided direct link full setup of the game.Hard Truck II King of the Road 2 PC Version Download ![]() Hard Truck II King of the Road Free DownloadĬlick on the below button to start Hard Truck II King of the Road Free Download.
![]() For this list, I set the bar really high. This simplicity, though, means there are a massive number of apps that claim to be capable of tracking habits while being really awful to use. It's easy to see why a wall calendar or a little notebook and a red pen were the default options for so long. ![]() Did you do the habit you were trying to build today? If yes, check a box. Habit tracking is an inherently simple idea. For more details on our process, read the full rundown of how we select apps to feature on the Zapier blog. We're never paid for placement in our articles from any app or for links to any site-we value the trust readers put in us to offer authentic evaluations of the categories and apps we review. We spend dozens of hours researching and testing apps, using each app as it's intended to be used and evaluating it against the criteria we set for the category. Habitica for people who want to turn building habits into a gameĪll of our best apps roundups are written by humans who've spent much of their careers using, testing, and writing about software. Productive for people who want guidance on building habits Habitify for planning your day around your habits Way of Life for gathering lots of data about your habits I considered, researched, and tested almost 40 apps for this article-and here are the six best habit trackers. Most are based around building a daily streak or not breaking a chain of X's on a calendar, although most also allow you to set a target number of days per week or per month rather than just forcing you to do every habit every day. There are lots of different apps that offer some kind of habit testing. ![]() You always have your smartphone with you, it can remind you when you haven't done something yet that day, and there's more room for nuance in how often you have to perform a particular habit. While you can use a wall calendar or a journal to record your habits, an app can be a more convenient solution. One of the most powerful ways to build new habits is to track when you do them. ![]() ![]() Chronic ischemic change may play a role in cat scratch colon development owing to decreased compliance similar to collagen colitis. The ischemic process is transient and limited to the mucosa, with fibrosis and formation of colonic strictures in the late phase. 10 Ischemic colitis is caused by hypoxemia to the terminal vascular distribution of the intestines. 9 Hemodialysis tends to cause repeated hypotensive episodes and may thus induce induce vasoconstriction of the vasa recta in the right colon, leading to colonic ischemia. The right colon is predominantly involved in the hemodialysis population. In the case documented above, cat scratch colon was seen in a patient with ischemic colitis. This lack of compliance may aggravate superficial mucosal injury from excessive insufflation during colonoscopy. The deposition of subepithelial collagen makes the bowel wall stiff and non-distensible. 1, 2 Variable amounts of chronic inflammatory infiltration is typically present in the lamina propria, with an increased number of intraepithelial lymphocytes. Recently, significant hemorrhagic linear marks have been reported to occur during colonoscopy in patients with collagenous colitis. However, barotrauma alone is not the sole cause of cat scratch colon. 8 This supports the hypothesis that cat scratch colon is commonly associated with barotrauma etiology. Recently, colonic perforation due to high air pressure was reported following observation of a cat scratch colon. Until recently, the main proposed causative mechanism has been barotrauma due to excess insufflation of air. Although the cause is unclear, there are several hypotheses: Barotrauma from air insufflation into a less compliant colon during colonoscopy, 1 complications resulting from collagenous colitis, 2, 3 tension in the wall of a cylindrical vessel, 5 lesions related to diversion colitis, 4 chronic cholestasis and its complications, 6 chronic anti-inflammatory drug ingestion, 7 and others. 1 Cat scratch colon is defined as the presence of linear mucosal breaks in the cecum and ascending colon the scratches are of variable length, bright red, resembling a cat scratch. These lesions have a prevalence rate of 0.25%. Over the past few years, very few cases have been reported. "Cat scratch colon" was described for the first time in 2007. ![]() The patient no longer complained of abdominal pain or hematochezia. On CT scans, improvement in ischemic colitis was noted. No further mucosal tearing was observed during the follow-up colonoscopy. On follow-up colonoscopy, the previous severe ischemic colonoscopic findings had disappeared, and ischemic mucosal change showed further resolution ( Fig. ![]() After 3 weeks, follow-up colonoscopy and CT were performed. The patient was placed on bowel rest until the symptoms resolved. Intravenous fluids were administered to treat dehydration, and total parenteral nutrition with prophylactic antibiotics was provided. The patient thus received supportive care. The patient was diagnosed with ischemic colitis based on colonoscopic and CT findings, and clinical manifestations. Computed tomography (CT) scan showed moderate-to-severe diffuse bowel wall thickening and focally decreased mucosal enhancement in the right colon. The remaining colorectal mucosa was grossly normal. Cecal intubation was not performed because of severe ischemic changes with necrosis. In the ascending colon, dark purple edematous mucosa and necrotic epithelial lesions were found ( Fig. Upon examination of the distal transverse colon, we found several deep linear red mucosal breaks resembling scratches ( Fig. The colonoscopic findings showed diffuse bowel wall edema. Colonoscopy was performed after standard bowel preparation and under sedation with 3 mg of midazolam. An esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed no evidence of bleeding. The electrocardiogram showed normal results. On stool examination, negative results were obtained for stool WBC, stool culture, and Clostridium difficile toxin A/B. Anemia was associated with chronic renal failure. Serum was negative for antinuclear antibody and HIV antibody. Serum biochemistry showed creatinine level, 6.6 mg/dL albumin level, 3.0 g/dL alanine aminotransferase level, 36 IU/L aspartate aminotransferase level, 38 IU/L bilirubin level, 1.2 mg/dL and alkaline phosphatase level, 198 IU/L with normal electrolytes. Laboratory tests revealed a white blood cell (WBC) count of 13,900/mm 2, a hemoglobin level of 9.4 g/dL, and a platelet count of 228,000/mm 2. On physical examination, she was found to have right abdominal pain and tenderness. The patient's hemodynamic parameters were stable. She underwent hemodialysis three times per week. She had a history of end-stage renal disease, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. A 65-year-old woman was referred for colonoscopy because of abdominal pain and hematochezia. ![]() ![]() ![]() … The parsec (which equals 3.26 light-years) is defined as the distance at which a star will show an annual parallax of one arcsecond. You give astronomical distances beyond the solar system in light-years, but professional astronomy papers use parsecs. The idea of the parsec was to provide astronomers a method to calculate stellar and other astronomical distances quickly and with ease from their data. The parsec was named from the abbreviations of a par allax of one arc sec ond. (The determination of the extragalactic distance scale was one of the Key Projects for the Hubble Space Telescope). You will use actual Hubble Space Telescope (HST) images to find the distance to a galaxy named M100, by looking for a variety of variable stars known as Cepheid variables. How do we measure extragalactic distances? … Approximately 13.8 billion years: the age of the Universe. The Universe is expanding, but the expansion doesn’t have a speed it has a speed-per-unit-distance, which is equivalent to a frequency, or an inverse time. Is universe expanding faster than light?īut no object is actually moving through the Universe faster than the speed of light. The unit has its origins in one of the first methods of determining the distance to the stars. A parsec is equal to about 3.26 light-years or roughly 31 trillion kilometres (19 trillion miles). Unfortunately, like the similarly misused ‘light-year’, the parsec is a unit of length, not of time. ![]() To find the distance to a nearby star, astronomers use triangulation. ![]() What do parsecs measure?Ī parsec – a unit of distance equal to about 19 trillion miles (more than 30 trillion km) – is more closely related to how astronomers go about the business of figuring out the size of the universe. It so happens that this is equal to 3.26 light years, so a parsec is not too different a length from a light year, and we tend to use either unit when talking about distances from now on. Since we know that 1 AU = 1.5 x 10^8 km, then 1 parsec = 3.09 x 10^13 km. What is distance of 1 AU expressed in parsec? A megaparsec is one million parsecs, or about 3,260,000 light years. How many light years is a megaparsec?Īstronomers typically express the distances between neighbouring galaxies and galaxy clusters in megaparsecs (Mpc). How many parsecs is a megaparsec?Ī megaparsec is a measurement of distance equal to one million parsecs or 3.26 million light years. Earth circles the Sun, making one complete orbit per year. Q: Why is a parsec 3.26 light-years and not some other number? A: A parsec, or “parallax second,” is defined as 3.26 light-years because of how it is measured. … One parsec equals 3.26 light-years, which is equivalent to 3.09 × 10 13 km (1.92 × 10 13 miles). It represents the distance at which the radius of Earth’s orbit subtends an angle of one second of arc. Parsec, unit for expressing distances to stars and galaxies, used by professional astronomers. : a unit of measure for distances in intergalactic space equal to one million parsecs. ![]() |